Table of Contents

Executive Summary

Synopsis of Main Recommendations
Rationale for the Recommendations
Elaboration of Findings and Recommendations
Concluding Observations and One More Recommendation

1. Energy Challenges and Opportunities

U.S. and World Energy Supply and Demand
Economic Challenges in Our Energy Future
Environmental Challenges in Our Energy Future
National Security Challenges in Our Energy Future
The Leverage of Energy R&D Against the Challenges
References

2. The Role of R&D and the Changing R&D Paradigm

Rationales for R&D Activities
A Picture of Energy R&D
Explanations for Recent Trends in U.S. R&D
Judging the Adequacy of R&D Efforts
References

3. Energy Efficiency

Motivation and Context
Findings and Recommendations
The Building Sector
The Industry Sector
The Transportation Sector
Budget Recommendations
References

4. Fossil Energy

Motivation and Context
Findings, Evaluations, Initiatives, and Recommendations
Demonstration and Commercialization Issues
Energy and Environmental Impact
Crosscuts
References

5. Nuclear Energy: Fission and Fusion

Context
Evaluation of R&D Portfolio
Policy Issues
Potential Contributions
References

6. Renewable Energy

Motivation and Context
Market Development
International Context
Federal Role
Budget Recommendations and Potential Impacts of the R&D
Renewable Energy Technologies, R&D Needs, and Opportunities
Conclusion
References

7. Crosscutting Issues and Synthesis

Portfolio Assessment
Commercialization Issues
International Issues
R&D Management Issues
Concluding Observations and One Final Recommendation
References

Acknowledgements

Units and Conversion Factors

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